viernes, 21 de septiembre de 2007

Fes-me una mamadeta!

Va, que és Santa Tecla... i com que és festa, es beu.

I què es beu? Doncs la beguda típica, la mamadeta.

Què és la mamadeta? Chartreuse amb granisat de llimona.



Història del Chartreuse (extret de la pàgina oficial del Chartreuse)

Fundada en 1084 por San Bruno, la Orden de los Cartujos es una de las más antiguas ordenes monásticas cristianas del mundo.En 1605, el Mariscal d’Estrées entregó a los Monjes de la Chartreuse de Vauvert, en París, un Manuscrito que revelaba la fórmula de un Elixir de Larga Vida, cuyo origen nadie conoce.


En efecto, en esta época, sólos los monjes y los apoticarios poseen los conocimientos necesarios para trabajar con las plantas. Demasiado compleja, la receta del Elixir parece haber sido utilizada sólo parcialmente durante varios decenios en Paris


En 1737, el Monasterio de la Grande-Chartreuse (cerca de Grenoble) decidió hacer un estudio exhaustivo de la recetaEl apoticario de la Grande-Chartreuse, Hermano Jérôme Maubec, se encargó de esta obra. Consiguió fijar definitivamente su fórmula.

Su comercialización era entonces muy limitada : era el Hermano Carlos quien, montado en una mula, lo vendía en los mercados de Grenoble y de Chambéry. Todavía fabricado según las mismas indicaciones, este “Elixir de Larga Vida” se conoce hoy bajo el nombre de “Elixir Vegetal de la Grande-Chartreuse” tiene 71º.


El Chartreuse Verde, 55º, llamado “Licor de Salud”, apareció en 1764. Su éxito fue inmediato, pero limitado a la región del Dauphiné (Francia). La Revolución Francesa de 1789 dispersó a los Monjes. En 1793, como medida de prudencia, se hizo elaborar una copia del valioso Manuscrito que el único religioso autorizado a permanecer en el Monasterio conservó; otro Padre llevaba siempre consigo el original.Detenido y después enviado a Burdeos, este último encontró la manera de sacarlo fuera de la celda y entregárselo a otro Monje refugiado cerca del Monasterio.

Sin poder hacer uso del secreto y convencido de que la Orden de los Cartujos nunca sería restablecida, cede una copia al señor LIOTARD, farmacéutico en Grenoble. En 1810, habiendo decidido el emperador Napoléon I que los “remedios secretos” debían ser enviados al Ministerio del Interior para ser examinados a fin de ser explotados por el Estado, el señor LIOTARD remite el Manuscrito al Ministerio del Interior; le es devuelto con la mención “RECHAZADA”.

A su muerte, los documentos vuelven al Monasterio de la Grande-Chartreuse, adonde los Monjes habían vuelto en 1816.En 1838, la fórmula se adaptó para producir un licor más dulce y suave, el CHARTREUSE AMARILLO, de 40º.
En 1903, los Cartujos son expulsados de Francia. Se llevan su secreto e implantan una destilería en Tarragona (España) para la fabricación del Licor. Licor que fabricaron también en Marseille desde 1921 hasta 1929, bajo el nombre de “Tarragona”.


Durante este mismo periodo, el Estado francés vende su marca a un grupo de Licoreros que crean la “Compagnie Fermière” de la Grande-Chartreuse. Esta sociedad, cuya producción no tenía nada que ver con el auténtico Chartreuse, quebró en 1929. Los Monjes recuperan entonces el uso de la denominación CHARTREUSE ; reanudan la destilación en Francia, en su antigua destilería de FOURVOIRIE construida en 1860, cerca del Monasterio de la Grande-Chartreuse.
Estos edificios son destruidos en 1935 por un corrimiento de tierras. Entonces, la fabricación es transferida a VOIRON (Francia) donde todavía es realizada, después del trabajo de selección de las plantas efectuado dentro del Monasterio.


Es la sociedad CHARTREUSE DIFUSIÓN la que, desde 1970, se encarga del acondicionamiento, de la publicidad y de la venta de los productos elaborados por dos Cartujos. Encargados de esta misión por su Orden, trabajan bajo secreto y son los únicos que conocen los detalles de la producción. Todavía hoy, como antaño, la fórmula es un misterio que no ha podido ser revelado ni siquiera por los métodos modernos de investigación.
Los Licores fabricados por los Padres Cartujos no contienen aditivos ni químicos. Los colores provienen de las plantas que los componen. Tras su maceración en un alcohol seleccionado, las 130 plantas enumeradas en la receta son seguidamente destiladas. A los alcoholatos así producidos se les añade miel destilada y jarabe de azúcar para obtener Licor Verde o Amarillo, que debe envejecer largamente en barricas de roble antes de ser comercializados.


Si se alarga el envejecimiento, el Chartreuse adquiere una calidad particularmente notable y se le designa entonces con la denominación “CHARTREUSE V.E.P.” (Vieillissement Exceptionnellement Prolongé / Envejecimiento Excepcionalmente Prolongado). La producción, forzosamente limitada, se presenta en botellas de medio y un litro, reproduciendo fielmente las que eran utilizadas en 1840. Su primer lanzamiento en el mercado data de 1963.

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